The peer instruction was published by Harvard Professor E. Mazur in the 1990s. This method is a student centered approach where the students have to learn outside the normal lecture with other students. Students discuss some aspect of the lecture after the teacher posed a question. The students give then a feedback and the teacher reviews the feedback. If there are too many wrong answers the students have to discuss the question again or the teacher gives another short input for the students. The feedback of the students can be received in small groups orally or in bigger groups with an audience response system (ARS). This ARS can be web based (like Kahoot) or a hardware clicker system. 

It is often combined with the Just-In-Time teaching method.